Typewriter



Nov. '25, 1924-' DE WITT C. HARRIS TYPEWRITER Filed March a, 12 sheets-sheet 2 DE WITT C. HARRIS TYPEWRITER Filed March 8,

Nov, 25,

1,516,920 DE WITT C. HARRIS TYPEWRITER Filed Maron s, 1922 12 sheets-Sheet 4 l@ CMI/5 M WAM-@w Nov. 25,1924.V

DE.' WITT C. HARRIS TYPEWRITER Filed March 8. l2 SheellS-Sheet` 5 MQW DE WITT C. HARRIS TYPEWRITER Nom 25', 1924.. 1,516,920

Filed March 8. 1922 l2 Sheets-Sheet 6 l 4 lq M WIWI I i m h S Now 25, 1924. 1,516,920

DE WITT C. HARRIS TYPEWRITER Filed March 84 1922 l2 Shets-Sheet '7 D fm y NGE?. 259

' DE WITT C. HARRIS 'TYPEWHITER Filed March 8, 1922 l2 Sheets-Sheet 8 Nov. 25, l924 1,516,920

DE WlTT C. HARRIS TYPEWRI TER Filed March s, 1922 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 @4M M'M Nov. 25, w24. ',56,920

DE WHT c. HARRIS TYPEWRITER Filed March 8, 1922 12 Shets-Sheet l0 DE WITT C. HARRIS TYPEWRITER Filed March 8, 192.2 l2 Sheets-Sheet ll \m, QN Nm, um uvm, 0 NQ 23. c .mkm MQ wh. NN, .SMH

Nov. 25, l924.- `1,516,920

DE WITT c. HARRIS TYPEWRITER Filed March a, 1922 12' sheets-sheet 12 Patented Nov. 25, 1924..

PATENT esioc..

DE WITT C. HARRIS, OF PINELAND, FLORIDA.l

ry'riswnrrm Application ined march s, 1922. serial 110.541,930.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it' lmown that I, DE Wl'rr C.- HARRIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pineland, in the county of Lee and State of Florida, have invented a certain new and useful Typewriter, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the framework of typewriters and to the manner ofmounting the various operating devices and groups of mechanisms in the framework; and the general object of the invention is to produce an improved typewriter which is composed of separate units or main sections each complete in itseltl and capable of being separately assembledl in the manufacturing operation, the said sections being constructed so that they may be readily separated and operatively reassociated so as to facilitate inspection, cleaning or repair, and to permit'substitution of a new section for a worn one after the machine has been in use for a long time.

Stated more specifically, the invention aims to produce a readily demountable typewriter composed of three units, to wit, a main body or frame unit, a carriage unit,

. .and a lower internal unit which will hereinafter be termed the action unit, which action unit is insertable bodily into the `frame unit through the lower end of the latter and comprises the major portion of the operating mechanism ofthe machine.

A Vfurther object is to produce a novel typewriter of this character in which the units are secured against separation by simple finger-operated locks-or fastenings so that all three units may be'disassociated in an instant without the use of any'tools.

Another object is to construct the action unit` so that it will be flexible yand may therefore accommodate itself toithe frame unit in assembling the two units, whereby extreme nicety or accuracy in manufacture is rendered unnecessary, with the result that universality or interch'angeability of 'ail units in the process of assembling and manufacturing maybe insured.

D Another object is to correlate such parts of the mechanism as are mounted on the frame unit with parts on the action unit so that the respective parts of thel two units will automatically be brought into operativerelation by the simple act .of assembling the two units together. f

vThe invention also relatesto the construction vand relationship ci individual parts and groups of vmechanisms contributing to the foregoing objects.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be understood from the following detailed description.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention, Fig. 1 is a vertical central section from front to rear' through a complete typewriter embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view thereof.

Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section taken in the plane of line 3--3 of Fig. 1 and looking toward the front of theV machine.

Fig.l 4 is a rear elevation of the frame unit.

Figs. 5 and 6 are vertical sections through the frame unit alone, taken in a plane extending from front to rear and looking in opposite directions from said plane, certain parts of the operating mechanism, which are mounted on this unit, being omitted.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view showing in top plan the back spacer mechanism and a part of the ribbon driving and reversing mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view taken in the plane of line 8--8 of Fig. 7 and showing a portionof the ribbon driving and reversing mechanism in elevation. Fig'. 9 is a rearelevation of a part of the frame unit and a part of the carriage unit, showing the tabulating mechanism. Fig. 10 is a perspective view illustrating the means for detachably securing the draw band to the carriage.

Fig. 11 is a sectional` detail view of a shiftable stop which permits ready removal 'ofv the carriage from the frame unit.

ssl

Fig. 12 is a top plan view of a portion" i of the tabulating mechanism.

' Figs. 13 and 14v are rear and side elevations respectively of a frame bracket constituting'part of the action unit. Fig. 15 vis a horizontal .section through the power barrel and associated parts for moving thecarriage and the' ribbon.

Fig. 16 is a section taken inthe plane of line 16-16 of Fig. 15.

los'

or frame piece of this unit on which all ofv the other parts are mounted.

Foi the sake of imparting knowledge of my invention I have illustrated in -the drawings and will herein describe in detail one of the many possible embodiments of the inventive idea, but it should be understood that the description of this specific structure is not intended tobe in any sense a limitation ofthe invention, the scope 'of which will be pointed out in the appended claims.

A brief description of the principal parts composing each of the three units will contribute to'a better understanding of the more detailed description following hereafter.-

vThejaction unit, as shown in Fig. 19, comprises a frame, the key levers, the type bars, the connections between said levers and bars, the -type bar segment and guiding means `therefor, the pad for supporting the free ends of the type bars, the universal yoke which is actuated by the type bars for oper'- ating the escapement mechanism, the s acerv bar and its connectlons for operatlng t e escapement mechanism, the ribbon guiding and vibrating mieans and the ribbon color shift mechanism, the case shift levers, the back spacer lever, the tabulator levers, the guideI posts, dowel pins, and latch means for securing the frame unit to the action unit, and other minor parts. The frame of the action unit is provided with the usual feet at its four corners to rest upon a desk orother support, and the frame unitand carriage unit are supported upon the framey of said action unit.

The frame unit as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 to 6, comprlses the main framezasting consisting of a base casting and a deck or to vce plate, the bearings, dowel recesses, and stu s to cooperate with the parts on the action unit for securing these two units together, a part of the back spacing means to cooper- 'ate with the b ack spacer lever on the action unit, the' margin -release and ta'bulating means to cooperate with the tabulator levers on thea'ction unit, the carriage escapement .mechanism to cooperate with the type-bar actuated okeand the s acer-bar-actuated lever on t e action unit, t e supporting and guiding rails for the carriage, the carriage lmoving means, the ribbon and its and reversing mechanism, the actuating buttons for the ribbon color shift mechanism, and otherparts.

The carriage unit comprises the carriage frame, the platen, the paper guiding, holding and feeding mechanism the carriage supporting and guiding bearings, the tabulator and marginal stops, the line spacev mechanism, the escapement rack whichcooperates with the escapement pinion .on the 'frame unit, and other minor parts.-

The carriage unit may be removed Afrom the frame unit simply by turning a stop device out of its operative position, disengaging the carriage feed rack, withdrawing the marginal stop dog, and then rolling the carriage endwise to the left olf its guide bars, the draw band for the carria e automatically being caught and secure as the carriage is removed and being automatically re-engaged with the carriage when the latterl is replaced.

The frame unit may be disconnected from the action unit by removing the ribbon from the guiding and vibrating device, and then drawing out a singlelinger piece which disconnects four latch means at the corners of the machine whereupon the frame unit ma belifted vertically out of association wit the action unit wit-hout moving or disturbing the latter. The cooperating parts of te. mechanism on the frame unit and the action unit respectively are so arranged ythat they move out of and into operativerelationship in a vertical directionautomatically in the lact of removing or replacing the frame unit. These cooperating parts, just' mentioned, on the frame and action units are as follows:

The esca ent actuating lever on the frame unit 1s operated both by the universal type bar yoke and the spacer-bar-actuated lever on the action unit; the back s acing means on the frame unit is operated y the back spacer lever on the action unit; the tabulator'mech'anism on the frame vunit is actuated bythe tabulator lever on the action unit; and theribbon color shift mechanism on the action unit is operated by a. pair of buttons on the frame unit. l

With the foregoing brie lexplanation rof the general nature auf', relationship of the three units I will new proceed to describe in detail the respective units' andthe means and action units as follows: The action unit comprises a baseeilate 30 (Figs. 19 and is support 25) whic upon the lusual posts or feet 31 at lts corners. D owel pins 32 .project up from the said base plate above said feet and may formed integral with I projecting up through 40 said feet. As shown in Fig. 20, the upper metallic part 31 of each foot has a reduced portionv fitting in an ope-ning in the base plate and secured therein by having its ed riveted over the edge of the opening. Tg lower rubber part 31 of the foot is secured by a screw 31.

At opposite sides of the action unit near fixed tothe base plate 30 and their upper ends fixed to an irregularly shaped skeleton bracket 34 (see Figsy 13 and 14 which `rises from and is fixedly secured to t e base plate. The sides 34a of this bracket carry the guides 35 for the shiftable type bar segment 36. The eitreme upper ends of said guide osts 33 are reduced in diameter to form owell pins' 33. t A

Referring now to Figs. 5.and 6, it Vw1ll be seen that the frame unit has dowel recesses 37 at its four corners to receive the dowel pins 32 andthe-frame has semi-cylinder vertical bearings 38 to receive the guide posts 33 and also has dowel openings 39 lnthe deck or top plate of the frame to receive the dowel pins 33 at the upper endsv of the guide posts 33.

The frame unit also has four rigid depending headed fastenings 40 which are arranged to project through'four holes 41 in the base plate 30 are spaced a short 4distance beneath the base plate as best seen in Fig. 1. These heads are engaged by slidable locking'y devlces in the form of two sheet metal bars 42 (Fig. 2) which 'are slidably secured beneath the base plate 30 by means of studs 43 xed in the bars slots 44 in the base plate and havmg heads overlying said slots.

The forward end of eachof these bars has a key-whole shaped opening 45 therein, the

, larger portion of which is of suiicient size 'to permit the headed fastening 40 to pass therethrough and the smaller portion of whichv is of such size that when the bar is moved toward the rear e'nd ofthe machine such smaller portion will embrace the shank ofthe fastening 40 and prevent upward withdrawal of the head. I

The rear end of each of the bars 42 is bifurcated to embrace the shank of one of the' fastenings 40 when the bar is in its rear position. Both the forward and rear ends of each bar are bent downwardly from the plane of the bar so as to directly engage the heads of the fastenings 40 and resilxently press a ainst said heads, as will bestbe underst from Fig. 1. In this manner the frame unit is securely fastened to the action unit at or near the four corners of the machine.

The two bars 42 are arranged to be simultaneously slid by means of a pair of levers 46 (see Fig. 2) pivoted between their ends so that the heads of said fastenings arm 54b which series of Aapertures in the bracketan'd y,is

at 47 v to the base plate of the action unit, one

end of each lever having a pin and slot connection with 'one of the bars, 42 and the other end of each lever being connected to one arm -of a U-shaped finger piece 48 which undervoutward thereby swinging the levers 46 and 'moving the bars 42 forwardly to permit the' withdrawl of the headed fastenings 40 from ythe action unit. In moving from one position to the other the arms ofthe finger piece 48 yield toward each other to permit the levers 46 to swing through the necessary arc,

and the resilienc of the arms of said nger piece tends to ho d the levers in either one of their two positions.

The base plate 30 of the action unit is vmade of sheet metal and since this base plate forms the foundation or support for all arts of the unit, thev unit as a whole-is res ient 0r flexible. Therefore the guide posts 33 and dowel pins 32 may yield laterally to accommodate themselves .to ,the itions o-f their sockets or bearings in the gfisme unit so that extreme nicety or exactness of relationship of the interengaging part'sof the two units is rendered 'wholly unnecessary, with airesulting economy in manufacturin andassemblmg the machine. Thislexib e characteristic of the action unit also contributes to otheradvantages including the relationship of the type bar 'guide and ribbon vibrator to arts on the carriage as will be explained ater. The Iframework of theaction unit com-- rises .in addition to the base plate 30, a racket/50(17ig. 23) which .may also'. be formed of a sheet metal stamping and has end flanges 51 arranged to overlap and be secured to u right n' rs 52 forming continuations o vertical anges 53 onthe base plate. This bracket 50 provides-thc main support for the series ofv bell-cranks which y form part of the connection between theA ,piece 55 (Fig. 24)-wh1ch Iis securedto the racket 50 in spaced relation by means of suitable fastenngs 56 (Figs. 1, 3 and 19).

Each of the hangers 54 has an arm--54 (Fig. '1) which engages in one of a series of notches in the arcuate upper edge of the 4bracket 50 andthe hanger has another extends through one "of a provided with a notch in its lower edge t'o engage the bottom of said aperture, vt e free end of the arm being received in a notch in the lower edge of the locking `piece 5 5,

which piece vsecures the series of hangers firmly to the bracket .50, There are as many 4of these hangers as there are type 'bars land key levers. To each han er is pivoted one of a series of bell-crank 'evers 57 which has one arm connected by 'a link 58 to the heel of one of. the'type bars 59. The other arm of the bell-crank is connected by a link 60 to one of a series of rockers 61 which has a notch 62 receiving a horizontal shaft 63.v This shaft is mounted in openings 64 (Fig-25) in the Ifingers 52 andin upright ears '65 on the base plate 30.

The key levers 66are pivoted at their rear ends upon a shaft 67 which is mounted in openings 68 (Fig. y25) in the base plate,

lthere being four banks of key levers of suc' cessively 4eater lengths. Each key lever is of cleft o bifurcated formationproviding 'two arms, the shorter of which overlies the'longer arm that carries` the key. The

short arm' is pivoted at 69 to the rocker 61 '1 lower edge of this 'plate Q is supported in notches inthe upper ends of the ears 65 on the base plate and the said lower edge of the plate is slotted to provide a comb inthe recesses of which the rockers 61 are located l and are thereby spaced and guided.

The front end of the base plate 30 has an upturned flange '71 with two lugs 72 at its ends and to this flange andf lugs is se`j cured a comb 73 by the spaces of which the i ke levers are spaced and guided. A channe piece 74 is also secured to the upper ends of the lugs 72 andcontains a strip 75 of leather' or other suitable material whichv provides a stop against which the key levers abut on their- \upward movement.

l Each of the key levers has a downwardly extending lug 76 on its rear -end and to these lugs a series of springs 77 are fastened, said springs being connected at their other ends to teeth on a plate 78,tl1e ends of which are bent up to overlie and/a/resecured tothe sides of the base plate 30. Thesev springs 77 return the key levers to normal position in .contact with the stop 75 after depression thereof.

A ldust pan l79 (Fig. overlies the rear portionsl of the key levers, the forward end of said pan resting on a flange 80 at the lower edge of the bracket 50.v lThe pan has depending flanges 81 at its ends which are secured to the upstanding flanges 53 on the base plate. The rear edge of the dust pan is bent downwardly behind the key levers and is aperturedlas. at 82 to permit the necessary movement of certain parts of the 'ribbon' vibrating mechanism. The rear corners of the pan have lugs 83 which are bent to overlie the ends of the fulcrum shaft 67 for the key levers'to hold said shaft in its bearings, as shown in Fig. 19.

The spacer bar `84 which is located in front of the bank of keys (Figg 2) is supported on two arms 85 which are fixed upon a'rock shaft 86 that is mountedl in depending ears 87 on the base plate 30. On the mid-portion of this rock shaft is fixed an upright arm '88 (Fig. 19;) which projects through a slot 89 in the base plate 30 and is attached to the forward end of a link 90 which link runs to the rear end of the machine and is' there pivoted to an upright lever 91 which is pivoted between its ends -to a bracket92 fixed on the base plate 30.

The upper end of this lever is positioned to engage the rocker device of the escapement mechanism on the frame unit and ac- `tuates said device when the spacer bar 84 isdepressed A tension spring 93 strained between a lug on said lever and a lug on the supporting bracket 92 tends to draw the upper end ofthe lever forwardly and maintain the spacer bar 84 in raised position.

The type bar segment 36 and guides therefor are mounted in the irregularly shaped bracket or casting 34 which is secured to and rises from the rear portion of the base plate 30. To Athe sides 34 of this frame are secured the channel guides 35 which complement the channel guides on the type bar segment, said complementary guides receiv- -ing between them antifriction balls and spacers -to permit, up and down movement of the segment, in a manner well knownin the art. These ment has two rods 94 rojecting forward y from its 'opposite sldes i and carrying an arcuate support andpad 95 onwhich the forward ends of the type bars .59 rest. A 'type guide 96 is fixed to and projects up from the segment.

Behind the type bars is a universal escapement-actuating yoke 97, the forward edge of which is curved to conform vto theV segment so that it will be struck by the base of any 'one of the type bars when rising to strike the platen. This yoke is carried at its forward end by a pair of upright arms` 98 ivoted to the yoke and fixed -upon a rock s aft 99 which is supported in upstanding ears 100 oir-a plate 101 that is rigidly carried by the segment. A springl102 is strainedbetween parts on said oke and plate. respectively and tends to old the 13 I 114 and a lug on the yoke in its forward'position. The rear end of the yoke has an upright finger 103 positioned to actuate the rocker of the escapement-mechanism on the carriage unit as4 is apparent in Fig. 1, and said rear end of the yoke is supported by an arm 104 which is pivoted to a depending ear 105 on the' plate 101.

The type-bar segment 36 is arranged to be elevated to print capital letters by means of either one or two case shift levers 106 located at opposite sides of the machine and pivoted at 107 to the llanges 53 on the base plate, the rear ends of said levers underlying parts on the type bar segment. forward ends of said levers are guided in the comb 73. Suitable yfixed stop devices 108 are positioned above and'below opposite sides of the type bar segment lto limit movement thereof'and determine its position for accurate printing..

Coiled tension springsv 109- strained between parts on the frame bracket 34 and parts on opposite sides of the segment act to partially counterbalance the weight of the segment whereby to decreasethe 'force necessary to elevate the segment;

A back-spacer lever 110 of bell-crank form -is pivoted4 at 111 to one of the arms 51 of the brackets and is guided by the comb 73. On the upperxend of this lever is an angular lu 112' (Fig. 3) l arranged to cooperate with ack-spacmg means on the frame unit which will Ybe later described. A

spring 113 strained between the back-spacer lever 110 and one of the oase-shift levers 106 tends to hold the forward ends of both levers in their elevated position. l y I A tabulator arm 114 is p ivoted at lts lower. end at 115 (Fig. 18) to one of the flanges 53 of the base plate 30, and has a finger 116 arranged to be engaged by an overlying lug 117 on a tabulator key lever 11 8. This lever is pivoted at 11.9 to one of the flanges 53' on the base plate and 1s guided atits forward end by one of the slots in the comb 7 3'. A spring 120 strained between the extreme lower end of the lever left hand case shift lever 106 maintains the levers 106, 114 and 118 in ytheir normal position. When the ltabulator lever is depressed it swings the arm 114 rearwardly to operate the tabulating mechanism on the frame unit which will later be described.

i The ribbon 121 is wound upon rotary spools 122 (Fi 1 and ,3) which are located on top of the esck section of the-frame unit. That portion ofthe ribbon which is in proximity to the platen is carried in two guides 123 arranged at opposite sides of the printing point, said guides being secured to a vibrator stem 124 which is mounted on the type guide 96 for vertical reciprocation. The lower end of the stem 124 is pivotally The `67 for' thekey levers 66.

i lever 138 (Fig. 2)

sufficient movement to raise the ribbon guides 123 from their normal position to a position where the upper field of the-ribbon .-'may be struck by the type, and the other cam being of such form as to rovide sufficiently greater movement to brmg the lower field of the ribbon into' printing position. lnlthe present embodiment, the cam structure 127 consists of a piece of sheet metal folded to Jform two spaced parallel sides and a .rear connecting web.

A pivoted arm 131 is provided with two roller studs'132 lon its free end (see Figs. 1 and 2) to engage in the cam slots 130, said arm being fixed upon a rock shaft 133 that is shiftable longitudinally to cause said studs to engage in either cam slot or to lie in an ineHective position between the sides ot the cam structure. The arm 131 is actuated byv a universal bar 134 having arms 135 at its ends which are pivoted upon the pivot shaft The universal bar 134 normally is in contact with the-downwardly extending arms 76 on the key levers. A t the middle of the universal bar 134 is a .rearwardly-extending `projection 136 arhand side thereof, to a point about midway, of the sides of the machine.

Said cam slots are of such lorm that when the-ribbon .vi-

brator is in its position of rest, the lowerends of the cam slots are in position for engagement by either of the rollers 132. The outer sides of said rollers and the ends cl the pin on'which they are mounted are tapered or coned to guide the rollers into engagement with the cam slots. The space between the slotted sides of the cam structure 127 is sufiicient to permit the rollers 132 and their pivot pin to lie betweenv said sides and out of engagement with both cam slots. A coiled contractile spring 137 connected at o ne end to the Apivot 128 and at its other end 'to a lug rigid with the shaft 133, norinally holds the arm 131 in its lowermost position. y L

The means for longitudinally shifting the shaft 133 to place the rollers 132 in 'engagement with the desired cam slot or in central neutral position mayartake of various 5 That herein s own comprises ivoted between'- -its en forms.

at 139 to the base p ate 30. The-,rearward extending arm of the lever 138 has a'bent.v

end which embraces a reduced portionfof they;

sha-.ft 133 so that it may shift the shaft longl" tudinally in either direction. To the forwardly-extending arm of the lever 138 is ongitudinal median plane of `the-.machine B' and is there pivoted to the downwardly-extending arm ofa three-arm lever 141 (Fig. 3). Said three-arm lever is mounted to swing upon a horizontal axis 142 yand comprises two oppositely-extending horizontal l 'armswhich extend freely throu h openings in the lower portions of two vertical parallel slides 1 43. These slides are guided for verticalmovement in apertures in the base plate 30 and in a flange 144 (Fig. 1) on the pad 1l holder 74. Two plungersf145 are mounted on the frame unit just behind the lkeyboard and have at their lower ends heads 146 which engage the u per ends of the slides 143. The upper en s of the plungers 145 constitute finger keys adapted for depression by the operator. A f

It will be seen that when one of the lungers 145 is depressed, the three-arm ever 141 will be swung in the direction to push the shaft 133 endwise into rposition to place the .arm 131 in engagement with one of the cam slots 130,' so that oscillation of the arm 131 will cause movement of the ribbon guides 123' to place eitherthe upper field (for example, ,the black field) or the lower field (the red field) in rinting position depending upon which p unger V145 *is j depressed. 1f the operatorl de resses both of the plun ers 145 to an-equa extent, the.

arm 131 wi l be caused .to occupy a central position midway between the slotted sides of the cam structure 127, thus disconnecting the said cam structure from the arm 131 and v permitting operation of the machine with 40 the ribbon'at rest in itslower or ineffective pnsition, as is desirable when Vcutting sten- This ribbon vibrating and color-shift mechanism .is described and claimed inm 4l copending application Serial No. 558,077',

filed May 3, 19.22.

The frame unit. l Referring now to that section ofthe maso -chine which I have, for convenience, termed the frame unit, the framework proper of this unit may consist of two castlngs, i. e.,'.

the lower rectangular frame 150 with .the corner posts 151 risin therefrom being one y5&5 casting, and the topp ate or deck 152 being a separate A piece suitably secured as by screws 153 ig'.'l4) to the said corner posts.

This frame unit carriesV thev following mechanisms which will be described -in the 00 order mentioned: The carriage escapement mechanism; the back spacing mechanismy" the carriage moving mechanism; the ribbon driving and reversing mechanism; andthe tabulating and mar inal release mechanism. n

05 Each of these mec anisms, broadly speakivoted a link 14() which extends to the 'general objects of the invention as hereto# fore set forth. Each of the five mechanisms just mentioned will -ltherefore be described only toan extent necessar to enable a person skilled in the typewriter art to understand -the lconstruction and 'manner of mounting the mechanismin the' frame unit and without any intention of limiting the present invention; inits major aspects to the.. specific details of construction represented in the present exemplary embodiment of the inventlon as shown in the drawings. The

novel features willbe Apointed out in the claims.

The escapepnwnt mechanism.

On the rear central portion of the deck is mounted the escapement wheel 154 and pinion 155 rigid therewith which pinion meshes with the usual rack bar 156 that forms a part of the carriage and is movably muntedso that it may be moved into and out of, engagement with the pinion 155.

The rocker device 157 with the usual escapement dogs 158 is'pivoted to swing on the -axis 159 and has a roller 160 on its lower end ofsuliicient length to be engaged both by the upright finger 103 on' the escapement yoke 97 and by the spacer-bar, actuated lever 91 hereinbefore described. A spring 161 (Fig.l4) .enga ing the depending arm of the rocker is anc ored at its other end to a fixed part-of the frame and draws forward constantly on the rocker. This escapement y mechanism may be'of the usual construction and need notbe further described in detail y Abut it'should be noted that therer is a novel relation of the rocker 157 vto the' yoke 97 and lever 91, such that when the vframe unit is withdrawn upwardly from the action unit, the rocker is free -t'o -rise out of engagement with the saidyokeand lever, and j on the other hand the rocker automatically assumes its operative en gement with said yoke and lever when the rame unit is passed downwardly over the action unit in assem- -bling these two units, the yoke finger 103 and the, lever'having rounded upper ends to insureeasy assembly. f

y. The back-spacing maciza/mls:im.Y Referring to Figs.l3, 5 and 7 that of the back-spacing. mechanism w ich is mountedmnlthe frame unit com rises a bar 162 which is slidably sup y rte at its f orward'endin a slot forme in a depending rtion l bracket 163 xed in the frame, the rear end of said bar having an aperture 164 (Fig. 5)- to receive a lug 165 on a lever arm 166 which is folded to form upper and lower wings that are mounted to swing about a vertical pivot pin 167. To the lower wing of this lever arm 166 is attached one end ofJ a coiled tension spring 168 the other end of which spring is anchored to a fixed bracket in the framework so that the spring tends to. maintain the bar 162 and the lever 166 in the position seen in Fig. 7. The rear end of this arm is connected by a link 169 (Fig. 7 to an arm 170 which carries a pivoted dog- 171 arranged to engage the escapement wheel 154 and move the latter in a reverse direction one space at eachreciprocation of the sliding bar 162. A leaf spring 172 carried by the end of the arm urges the dog 171 toward the wheel 154 but a fixed stop 173 which engagesia heel 174 on the dog normally holds the dog away from the heel. By reference to Figs. 3, 5 and 7 tit will be seen that the angular forward end of the bar 162 is so related to the lug 1 12 on the upper end of the back spacer levery 110 hereinbefore described, that said bar 162 will automatically be moved out of and into operative engagement to said lever in the removal and replacement ofthe frame unit, the depending angular end of the bar lying in front of the lug` 112 when the machine units are assembled.

The carriage moving mechanism.

The carriage is arranged to be drawn to the left under the control of the escapement mechanism by a flexible drawband 175 (Figs. 4, 9 and 10) which is wound upon and has one end secured to apower barrel 176, the other end of said bandhaving fixed thereon a clip 177. This clipis peculiarly formed to detachably engage the carriage and a. fixed stop on the frame unit sothat the clip automatically engages with the proper part in the act of removing and replacing the carriage. As best seen in Figs. 4 and 10, the clip has an upper hook 178 afrranged -to engage in an .aperture 179 in one of the end plates of the 'carriage frame.

The clip also has a pair of horizontal oppositely projecting lugs 18() which are arranged to engage in notches in an upstanding bracket 181 fixed upon the frame unit,

I said bracket. comprising two spaced vertical sides between which the clip 177 is arranged to pass so that the-lugs 180 of the clip will engage the two sides of the bracket. lt will be understood that this bracket is so positioned on the frame unit that the clip 177 never engages the bracket in the normal operation of the typewriter and comes into such engagement only in the act of withdrawing the carriage from its ways on the frame unit. When the clip engages the bracket, the clip and drawband are held securely so that the hook 178 is automatically disengaged from the aperture 179 in the carriage as the carriage is withdrawn.

The power barrel 176 comprises two sides (see Figs. 15 a'nd 16) and. a connecting arcuate wall which has lugs on its edges protruding through and riveted over apertures in said Sides. 1n a central opening in one of said sides is fixed a hub 182 and surrounding said hub is a gear 183 which is also fixed to said side. rlhe opposite sidehas a central opening through which projects the hub of a worm wheel 184, Said worm wheel hub and hub 182 being rotatable upon a shaft 185 which is fixed to a supporting bracket 186 on the frame unit. A convolute spring 187 surrounds the said hubs within the barrel 176 and has its outer end attached to a pin 188 that is fixed to the barrel, the inner end of said spring'being attached to the hub of the worm wheel 184. A worm 189 meshes with the worm wheel 184 and is arranged to be rotated manually by suitable means for the purpose of turning the hub of the worm wheel 184 to tension the spring 187. This worm gearing tensioning means requires no lock to hold the spring at the desired tension.

T he ribbon 'dri-ving and reversz'njmecam'sm.

The ribbon spools 122 are fixed upon the upper ends of two vertical shafts' 190 (see Figs. 3 to 8 and 15) which are rotatably mounted respectively in bracket 163 heretofore mentioned and a similar bracket 191 at the opposite front corner of the frame. On the lower ends of these shafts are fixed spiral gears 192 which mesh "with similar gears 193 fixed on the forward ends of two horizontal shafts 194 which extend along the sides of the machine and have their forward ends mounted in the brackets 163 and 191 respectively. The rear ends of said shafts are mounted-in brackets 195 at ,the rear corners ofthe frame and said shafts carryon their rear ends bevel pinions 196 which are arranged to mesh with similar bevel pinions 197 on horizontal shaft 198 that extends across the rear end of the machine and is longitudinally slidable and rotatable'in the brackets 195. Only one of the pinions 197 is in mesh with one of the pinions 196 at a time, the shaft 198 being longitudinally shiftable to. engage and disengage said pinions so as to drive the shafts 194 and therefore the spools 122 alternately to wind and unwind the-ribbon in a manner well-known.

The means for longitudinally shifting the shaft 198 comprises a horizontal rock shaft 199 extending along the right hand side of the machine from front to iear above one of the shafts 194. On the rear end of this shaft is fixed a depending arm 200 (Fig. 5) which is arranged to engage between two shoulders 201 (Fig. 7) on the shaft 198 So that when the shaft 199 is rocked, the shaft 198 will be shifted. The forward end of the shaft 199 is mounted in the bracket 163 and has an upstanding arm 202 fixed thereon on the forward side of said bracket.

A finger lever 203 is pivoted between its ends at 204 to a suitable fixed bracket, the forward end of said lever projecting from the front portion of the frame upon the key board so as to be operable by the operator. The rear end of said lever is connected by a link 205 to the upper e-nd of the arm 202. A pin 206 fixed in the upper end of the arm 202 projects through an aperture in the bracket 163 and engages in a slot in an arm 207 that is pivoted at 208 at'the rear side of the bracket. A coiled tension spring 209 is attached on one end of the upper end of the arm 207 and its lower end to a suitable anchor 210 pivoted on the shaft 199. When the finger lever 203 is swung the pin 206 will swing the arm 207 to opposite Sides in a vertical plane passing through its p-ivot 208 and the spring 209 will hold the arm in either position at opposite sides of its center and t-hereby will hold the arm 202 and the shaft 199 in either one of two positions. Thus by operating the lever 203 the operator may shiftthe` shaft 198 to move either one of the pinions 197 into engagement with its associated pinion 196 so as to wind the ribbon in the desired direction. v

The means for driving the shaft 198 comprises a spur gear 211 (Fig. 11) which meshes with a spur pinion 212 fixed on one end ofv the shaft 213. The pinion 212 .is wide enough to remain in engagement with the gear 211 in the longitudinal shifting of the shaft 198. The opposite end of said shaft has a clutch connection with the lgear 183 upon the power barrel previously described. Referring to Figs. 15 and 17, this clutch connection comprises a pinion 214 loose upon the shaft 213 and lneshing vwith the gear 183. A clutch element 215 is rigid with the pinion 214 and has peripheral notches 216. A housing 217 is rigidly fixedon the shaft 213 and encloses the clutch element 215. Balls 218 are located in the notches 216 and are arranged to lock themselves in the notches and against the fiange,

0f the housing 217 when the power barrel and gear 183'are moving in the-direction to draw the carriage toward the left during the writing operation. When the carriage is moved in the opposite direction the balls 218 release the housing 217 so that the shaft 213 remains stationary. A brake-shoe in the form of a plunger219 is pressed by a spring 220 against the outer periphery of the housing 217 so as to prevent` reverse movement of the housing when the rballs 218 are locking themselves as described.

The tabulator and margin release mech- (mism.

l The tabulator and marginal release mechanismA (see Figs. 3, 4, 6, 9'and 12) 'which is herein shown comprises the usual lever 221 pivoted between its ends at 222 to the rear end of the deck portion of the framework, one end of said lever carrying the and 9. The stop 224 has a depending tail which is normally in position to engage thc 4upper end of a line lock lever 225 pivoted between its ends at 226 the lower end of which lever is in position to be moved behind a pin 227 on the escapement rocker 157 to prevent movement of said rocker and thereby through the 'yoke 97 prevent the type bars from striking the platen. A

spring 228 normally holds the lever 225 away from the pin 227.

The tabulator lever 221 has a finger 229 extending forwardly and arranged to engage the rack bar 156 on the carriage and move it out of mesh with the escapement pinion. Said finger carries a pivoted spring pressed dog 230 arranged to engage with the escapenient pinion 155 to insure proper position of the carriage when the rack bar 156 is reengaged with the pinion.

The opposite end of the lever 221 is pivoted to a link 231 the forward end of which is slidably supported in a slot formed in the depending bracket 191 previously mentioned. This .bracket has a forwardly bent ange 232 (Fig. 6) which is slotted to re-I ceive and guide a margin release lever 233 pivoted at its upper end at 234 to a flange 'on' said bracket and carrying at its lower or outer end a key to be movedby the oper# ator. A co'led spring 235` tends to hold they lever in its forward position and a coiled spring 236 tends to hold the link 231 in its forward'position in abutting relation to said lever. When the operator pushes against the key on the lever 233 the lever 221 will be swung to move the stop 224 thereon out of the path of the marginal stop on the carriage. i

The upper end of the tabulatfor arm 114V heretofore described lies alongside of the vertical portion of the marginal release le- Ver 233 and in abutting relation to the end 

